The guide was published from 1936 to 1966, and at its height of popularity was used by two million people. As of the 2010 census, the population of the town was 696. The lynching of two Black teenagers in Marion, Indiana, in 1930, for instance, resulted in the towns 200 Black residents moving away never to return. You can also look for cities 4 hours from Duncan, SC (or 3 hours or 2 hours or 1 hour) or just search in general for all of the cities close to Duncan, SC. In 2018 the estimated population was 789. For instance, the Ku Klux Klan ran Fantastic Caverns, a popular tourist site near Springfield. The railroad stop in Duncan made the town a marketing center for farm produce and a shipping point for ore and cattle. Some posted. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Duncan has a total area of 2.2 square miles (5.6km2), all of it land.[2]. DUNCAN, AZ (3TV/CBS 5) - The flooding that inundated the town of Duncan was made worse by the failure of a levee that was meant to protect the town of . Businesses that served Black customers or hired Black employees would be boycotted by the white townspeople, ensuring that Blacks had few, if any, job opportunities in those communities. Greenwood was an unusually vibrant community of successful black entrepreneurs, doctors, and lawyers. In response, Victor H. Green, a postal worker from Harlem, compiled the Negro Motorist Green Book, a guide to accommodations that served Black travelers. Simpson Hotel. In fact, for short period between 1949 and 1950 George H. W. Bush and Lil W lived in Compton. Clinton followed what he called the Cafeteria Golden Rule. His menu read, Pay What You Wish and Dine Free Unless Delighted.. Background: The Gila River Relocation Center was located about 50 miles south of Phoenix and 9 miles west of Sacaton in Pinal County, Arizona. Duncan is a town in Greenlee County, Arizona, United States. Businesses with three Ks in the title, such as the Kozy Kottage Kamp or the Klean Kountry Kottages, were code for the Ku Klux Klan and served only white customers. As stated earlier, a sundown town (also known as a gray town) is an area in the U.S. where Black people are essentially forced out of the public once the sun goes down. Although 6 million black people hit the road to escape the Jim Crow South, they quickly learned that Jim Crow had no borders. "Marcos de Niza". However, all that is changing. Round Mountain BLM Rockhound Area. Sundown towns weren't always all-white. NOW WE CAN TRAVEL WITHOUT EMBARRASSMENT.. The town of Duncan has been destroyed twice by flood and once by fire. In 1930, 44 out of the 89 counties that lined Route 66 were all-white communities known as sundown townsplaces that banned black people from entering city limits after dark. Some posted signs that read, Nigger, Dont Let the Sun Set on You Here.. Thats why the National Park Services Route 66 Preservation Program approached me in 2014 to document Green Book sites on Route 66 and to produce a short video. Budgets, Annual Financial Statements and Independent Auditors Report, Residential/Business Water and Sewer Service, Irrigation, Livestock and Construction Water. Ones chance of becoming a victim of either violent or property crime here is one in 28. "Between 1890 and 1954, thousands of independent communities across the United States drove out their black populations or took steps to forbid African Americans from living in them. Then, a battered wooden sign for the Stage Stop Mini Mart & Liquor Store advertises gas priced a good 50 cents less per gallon than city prices. This 2,440-mile Road of Dreams speckled with romantic and unconventional attractions symbolized a pathway to easier times. Gila Box Riparian National Conservation Area. I only learned about the Green Book after being commissioned to write a Moon Series travel guide on Route 66. Today, they still play a critical role in U.S. history, revealing the untold story of black travel. Jim McPherson, Arizona Preservation Foundation board president, has stated the following: It is crucial that residents, private interests, and government officials act now to save these elements of our cultural heritage before it is too late. Sundown towns, or grey towns, were all-white neighborhoods in the United States that used discriminatory local laws, intimidation, or violence to keep their town all-white. In the 1940s, Edmond, Oklahoma promoted itself on postcards with the slogan, A Good Place to LiveNo Negroes. The town of Mena, Arkansas advertised its many charms: Cool Summers, Mild Winters, No Blizzards, No Negroes. In other cases, the policy was enforced through less formal norms and sanctions. Either way, it was painfully obvious to me that there was a problem. Soon Duncan was shipping far beyond the Southwest, to markets north and east. Half is a store with peachy-rose walls and wood floors full of integrity. Duncan, Arizona 85534, Hours: Jonathan Majors stars in the new HBO series, "Lovecraft Country," which has been prompting discussions about so-called sundown towns in the U.S. (Mary Mathis for the Washington Post via Getty Images) Cliftons closed for a few years starting in 2011 to undergo a $10 million renovation before reopening last year. The Duncan area along the Gila River is renowned for Native American artifacts such as arrow heads, pottery, burial sites, cave paintings and other remnants of the Anasazi and other pre-historic cultures, as well as artifacts from garrison camps of the expedition of Francisco Vzquez de Coronado. In the late 19th century, Chinese miners lived in the Dostal Alley section of Central City in Gilpin County, Colorado. O'Connor later wrote a book titled Lazy B: Growing up on a Cattle Ranch in the American Southwest about her childhood experiences on the ranch with her brother H. Alan Day. For visitors the primary interest is in the numerous recreational opportunities nearby, as well as the annual Salsa Fest. That said, there are places like Vidor Texas that still are, if unofficially. Non-whites were prohibited from being . [7], The territory that includes present-day New Mexico and Arizona was designated as "New Mexico. As of the census[8] of 2000, there were 812 people, 294 households, and 206 families residing in the town. [1][2][4][8][9], In 1845, Mexico severed its relations with the United States because of the annexation of Texas by the United States. Don't Know Unions, Organized Labor? She wants to talk about the current townspeople. Next door, a half-moon sign announces that the turquoise front surrounded by cream-colored, textured brick houses the Bank of Duncan, established in 1908. Valley residents are using the day to educate others about the history of African Americans in Arizona. In his book, Loewen profiles three Indiana towns; Elwood, Huntington and Martinsville. First, its a quaint little town worthy of a good walkabout. No Negroes. The humiliation of being shut out of not only public spaces but entire towns was bad enough, but for black people, there were always plenty of even bleaker fearsevery stop was a potential existential danger. They named their home Duncan, after Duncan Smith, the companys managing director. The vast American landscape meant long, lonely stretches of perilously empty roads, and places like Grahams and other Green Book properties were vital sources of refuge. Read our Review here. You can get a self-guided walking tour map at the Duncan Visitor Center on the main highway through town. [4] U.S. Route 70 passes through downtown, leading west 39 miles (63km) to Safford, Arizona, and southeast 35 miles (56km) to Lordsburg, New Mexico, and Interstate 10. Cotton is the principal agricultural commodity. Sundown Towns -- 137 Sundown Towns Across 21 States -- Are The Litmus Test of America's Transformation https: . The city council of New According to 2006 Census Bureau estimates, the population of the town is 713. JAVASCRIPT IS DISABLED. Five miles from our border with New Mexico, Duncan began in the late 1800s as Purdy, a way station for ore trains on the route from nearby Clifton to Silver City, New Mexico. The society's first project was Spezia Square, placed on a historical corner located on the Old West Highway. The other room of Hildas kingdom is a diner. Even once black travelers reached a multiracial city, such as Albuquerque, New Mexico, only 6 percent of the more than 100 motels along Albuquerques slice of Route 66 admitted them. Forego a bottle of soda and donate its cost to us for the information you just learned, and feel good about helping to make it available to everyone. It was indeed all White for a while. To accommodate the new Arizona and New Mexico Railroad, the people of Purdy moved their settlement to the south bank of the river and renamed it Duncan, after Duncan Smith, the managing director of the Arizona Copper Company. Duncan is in the Gila River valley, four miles (6km) west of the ArizonaNew Mexico border. It was used so heavily that a 200-mile stretch of asphalt was thickened so that it could better handle military convoys. The Duncan Pride Society has identified various structures as significantly historical. 2020 Sundown Town Resolution. One in Alix, Arkansas, in the 1930s, for instance, read, N-r, Dont Let the Sun Go Down On You In Alix. Others stated, Whites Only After Dark. Many sundown towns used discriminatory housing covenants to ensure no non-white person would be allowed to purchase or rent a home. Almost every level acre is under cultivation, thickets of cottonwood trees shelter old farmhouses and ranches, and cattle and horses seem to outnumber people. Its all still true. Mining for gold and silver began in 1864, followed by copper in 1872. The American Southwest is known for many thingsNative American reservations, hot weather, and absolutely . Encyclopdia Britannica (11th ed.). Surrounding smaller towns such as Franklin and York in Arizona and Virden, New Mexico, use Duncan public works and public schools. Soon Duncan was shipping far beyond the Southwest, to markets north and east. This practice started in the late 19th century, but the impact continues today. African Americans who lingered in sundown towns even during the daytime experienced harassment, threats, arrest, and beatings. Looking at the products on wide shelves feels like I stepped into one of my childhood Golden Books, one where the artist didnt want to get in trouble for using real brand names. Cliff dwellers, conquistadors, Apache warriors, mountain men, westering immigrants each in their time has traveled its banks. It was one of the few U.S. highways laid out diagonally, and it cut across the country like a shortcut to freedom. Required fields are marked *. In a country that desperately, fitfully, tries to be color-blind, even the first black president has not been able to stop the bleeding, let alone heal the old and deep wounds of white supremacy and systemic racism. It was assumed the West was more liberated than the South, but thanks to the enormity of the American Wests expanses, it in some ways was even more dangerous. People called it the Bible of black travel and AAA for blacks, but it was so much more. Leafy greens, cabbage, dates, melons, lemons, oranges, apples, potatoes and tomatoes are just some foods harvested from Arizonas nourishing soil. But, yes Prescott area is one of the whitest areas in this state. The existence of sundown towns has been recirculating on Black Twitter. Office: (928) 865-4149Emergency: 911. Between the 1890s and the 1940s, Sundown Towns became a popular trend in Northern states. Safford is a mining town in Eastern Arizona. This may be a regrettable fact to the Negroes, but it is nevertheless a fact, and must be reckoned with [T]he Negroes could make a definite contribution to good race relationship by remaining away from beaches where their presence is resented. 76 miles to Charlotte, NC. The farther west anyone traveled, the fewer services were availablefor white people and especially for black people. Greenlee County was created in 1909 and named for Mason Greenlee, who was an early settler in the Clifton area. There are 10 cities in Arizona that stand out for their crime rates, so let's take a look at them and see which cities you should avoid. Lordsburg, New Mexico, to meet the Southern Pacific line. Sept. 27, 2020. The name derives from the posted and verbal warnings issued to Blacks that although they might be allowed to work or travel in a community during the daytime, they must leave by sundown. DUE TO NEW METER INSTALLS, OVER THE NEXT FEW WEEKS, YOU MAY EXPERIENCE MINOR ISSUES WITH WATER AVAILABILITY. As Blacks began to migrate to other regions of the country, many predominantly white communities actively discouraged them from settling there. There are three different campgrounds for lakeside camping as well as fishing, bird watching and water activities. Arizona Highways 2039 W Lewis Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85009 602.712.2200. The river water began spilling into Duncan early Monday . Some towns believed their ordi-nances remained in effect long after the 1954 Brown decision and 1964 Civil Rights Act. Some faced actual instances of violence or were arrested by local police, according to Farley. Route 66 started out in Illinois, a state that itself had nearly 150 sundown towns. (Excluding Federal Holidays) Cliff dwellers, conquistadors, Apache warriors, mountain men, westering immigrants each in their time has traveled its banks. Photo Credits: Family Wagon Trip by Norman Adams Detail from "Greenlee" Mural by Hal Empie by Desert Lavender Design For much of the 20th century, thousands of all-white American towns forbade Black people from . Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 35F to 101F and is rarely below 26F or above 107F. You could easily wind up in the wrong town after dark. The Simpson Hotel has a wooden toy pony in a first-floor window. Willcox is home to the Cowboy Hall of Fame, the Chiricahua Regional Museum and Research Center, and the Rex Allen Museum. As the Equal Justice Initiatives Bryan Stevenson points out: Civil rights in America is too often seen as a three-day carnival: On day one, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the bus. He found them outside Los Angeles, in midwestern farming villages . It prospered right into the 1970s, when the new Interstate 10 to the south diverted commercial traffic, contributing to a rising trucking industry. Vasquez de Coronado organized an expedition which eventually passed through the area where the San Francisco River is located. While many claim there is no more racism in the United States,. Its now possibly the largest and most unusual cafeteria in the worldwith five floors of history and taxidermy and a giant fake redwood tree rising up through the center. At that time, the town was located on the north bank of the Gila. Food and lodging were scattered over long distances, and there were also just fewer people living out West in general, and fewer black people in particular, which reduced the chances that black travelers could find trustworthy help in case they had car trouble or needed directions. Sundown Towns. Perhaps unsurprisingly, the Green Book ceased publication right around the time the Civil Rights Act passed. The sheriff asked, Wheres your chauffeur hat? Rons dad was ready; he had one in the car: Hanging right up in the back, Officer., Despite all the dangers, millions of black vacationers, like Rons family, did explore the countrymany relying on a unique travel guide, The Negro Motorist Green Book. 20072023 Blackpast.org. We mourn the loss of our friend and colleague and remain committed to the work he began. It was one of the nations most devastating acts of terrorism against African Americans. Almost every level acre is under cultivation, thickets of cottonwood trees shelter old farmhouses and ranches, and cattle and horses seem to outnumber people. Hats made from the fur of beavers were very popular in the 1800s. A black couple, Nolie and Lela Murray, owned the property and offered black people traveling on Route 66 much-needed lodging and some good old-fashioned Western recreation. The names posted are the original names used when the properties were first built. Duncan receded then into a quiet farming and Please enable JavaScript on your browser to best view this site. Acreage is also planted to kenaf, an alternative fiber for making paper, and vernonia, an oilseed. Duncan is named for the managing director of the Arizona Copper Company, Duncan Smith. Town . During a typical year 131.6 nights will fall below 32F (0C), but only 7.8 days fail to top 50F (10C), and there are only seven occurrences of nights falling to 0F (17.8C) or lower, notably on December 24, 1953, and January 11, 1962, when the record low of 2F (18.9C) was set. Ive been questioning the existence of racial equality ever since. They held their cross burnings inside. Living in Safford offers residents a sparse suburban feel and most residents own their homes. Duncan has a semi-arid climate (Kppen climate classification BSk) with huge diurnal temperature ranges year-round except during periods of thundery monsoon weather. Everything is one of a kind. Since 2020, it has had a population growth of 6.7%. I keep waiting for the present to swing a fist through the illusion. The population density was 317.6 inhabitants per square mile (122.6/km2). Learn More >. [3] Duncan is in the Gila River valley, four miles (6 km) west of the Arizona- New Mexico border. So far, they have done a splendid job. Arizonas location within the U.S. Gila County comprises the Payson, Arizona Micropolitan Statistical Area. Duncan belongs to the Gila, the storied river of the west, the ageless natural highway whose passage through the mountain and desert southwest has served humankind since prehistoric times. 928-381-1881. After 16 hours, at least 300 people had died, 35 blocks of the Greenwood District had burned to the ground, and more than 10,000 black residents had been left homeless. Duncan is a town in Greenlee County, Arizona, United States. Your donation is fully tax-deductible. The most dangerous cities in Arizona include Winslow, Page, Tolleson, Tucson, and more. During the Red Summer of 1919, white mobs repeatedly targeted Black World War I veterans and servicemen. The public schools in Safford are above average. But the current passion for gentrification and suburban sprawl is expunging the past: Most Green Book properties have been razed and many more are slated for demolition. By 1962, the Green Book reached a circulation of 2 million people. The images on this website are copyrighted. Agriculture has been a mainstay of the Safford and Graham County economy, with cotton as the principal commodity and remaining acreage used for hay and small grains. Even Coca-Cola machines had White Customers Only printed on them. The Negro Motorist Green Book, 1940, Victor Hugo Green. The sundown town practices existed in Glendale until the 1990s, according to Peterson. The Mormon Battalion was among the troops which entered the area. The median age was 28 years. Compton was also very rural at this time. Town of Duncan. Ed Gordon discusses the historical significance of so-called "sundown towns," some of which are now promoting inclusiveness. Being a Sundown Town meant for decades, Blacks and other groups were prevented from being out at night. 8:00 a.m. - 5:30 p.m. For Arizona Route 66 towns and cities, Kingman first appears in the Green Book in 1956, and three places in Flagstaff appear in the 1957 edition: The Park Plaza Motel, the Nackard Inn and El Rancho Motel- which populate the Green Book to the end of its production run. The means to announce and enforce racial restrictions varied across the country. The society's vision statement is the following: "PRIDE is committed to work with our town government, community leaders and all area residents to preserve and enhance our town's overall image and historic value". Other spots in Illinois with reputations as sundown towns or of racial . Greyhound Lines serves Duncan on its PhoenixEl Paso via Globe route. Arizona communities along the Gila grew up around stage and freight stations and military posts that began to bloom in the valley as settlers arrived and battled hostile natives. In 1930, the black columnist George Schuyler wrote, Blacks who drove expensive cars offended white sensibilities, and some black people kept to older models so as not to give the dangerous impression of being above themselves., In the 1950s, my stepfather, Ron, experienced this firsthand as a child.
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